concert-ticketing-system.md

Designing a Concert Ticket Booking System

In this article, we delve into the object-oriented design and implementation of a Concert Ticket Booking System using Java.

This system facilitates booking tickets for concerts and managing events.

System Requirements

The Concert Ticket Booking System should:

1. Event Management: Manage concert details including dates, venues, and artists.
2. User Account Management: Handle user registrations and profiles.
3. Ticket Booking Process: Enable users to book tickets and select seats.
4. Payment Processing: Handle ticket payments and issue receipts.
5. Ticket Cancellation and Refund: Manage cancellations and refunds.

Core Use Cases

1. Creating and Managing Concert Events
2. Registering and Managing User Accounts
3. Booking and Canceling Tickets
4. Processing Payments and Issuing Tickets
5. Handling Refunds

UML/Class Diagrams

Key Classes:

• ConcertTicketBookingSystem: Manages the system.
• User: Represents a customer.
• Concert: Represents a concert event.
• Ticket: Manages ticket details.
• Payment: Handles payment transactions.

Java Implementation

Concert Class

Represents a concert event.

import java.util.Date;

public class Concert {
    private String concertId;
    private String title;
    private Date date;
    private String venue;
    private int totalSeats;
    private int availableSeats;

    public Concert(String concertId, String title, Date date, String venue, int totalSeats) {
        this.concertId = concertId;
        this.title = title;
        this.date = date;
        this.venue = venue;
        this.totalSeats = totalSeats;
        this.availableSeats = totalSeats;
    }

    public boolean bookSeats(int numberOfSeats) {
        if (numberOfSeats <= availableSeats) {
            availableSeats -= numberOfSeats;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    // Getters and setters...
}

User Class

Manages user account information.

public class User {
    private String userId;
    private String name;
    private String email;

    public User(String userId, String name, String email) {
        this.userId = userId;
        this.name = name;
        this.email = email;
    }

    // Getters and setters...
}

Ticket Class

Represents a concert ticket.

public class Ticket {
    private String ticketId;
    private Concert concert;
    private User user;
    private int numberOfSeats;
    private double totalPrice;

    public Ticket(String ticketId, Concert concert, User user, int numberOfSeats, double pricePerSeat) {
        this.ticketId = ticketId;
        this.concert = concert;
        this.user = user;
        this.numberOfSeats = numberOfSeats;
        this.totalPrice = pricePerSeat * numberOfSeats;
    }

    // Getters and setters...
}

Payment Class

Handles payment transactions.

public class Payment {
    private String paymentId;
    private double amount;
    private PaymentStatus status;

    public Payment(String paymentId, double amount) {
        this.paymentId = paymentId;
        this.amount = amount;
        this.status = PaymentStatus.PENDING;
    }

    public void completePayment() {
        this.status = PaymentStatus.COMPLETED;
    }

    // Getters and setters...
}

enum PaymentStatus {
    PENDING, COMPLETED, FAILED
}

ConcertTicketBookingSystem Class

Manages the concert ticket booking system operations.

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ConcertTicketBookingSystem {
    private List<User> users;
    private List<Concert> concerts;
    private List<Ticket> tickets;

    public ConcertTicketBookingSystem() {
        this.users = new ArrayList<>();
        this.concerts = new ArrayList<>();
        this.tickets = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public void addUser(User user) {
        users.add(user);
    }

    public void addConcert(Concert concert) {
        concerts.add(concert);
    }

    public Ticket bookTicket(String userId, String concertId, int numberOfSeats) {
        User user = findUserById(userId);
        Concert concert = findConcertById(concertId);

        if (user != null && concert != null && concert.bookSeats(numberOfSeats)) {
            double pricePerSeat = // Assume a method to get price per seat
            Ticket ticket = new Ticket(generateTicketId(), concert, user, numberOfSeats, pricePerSeat);
            tickets.add(ticket);
            return ticket;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private User findUserById(String userId) {
        for (User user : users) {
            if (user.getUserId().equals(userId)) {
                return user;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private Concert findConcertById(String concertId) {
        for (Concert concert : concerts) {
            if (concert.getConcertId().equals(concertId)) {
                return concert;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private String generateTicketId() {
        return "TICKET_" + System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    // Other necessary methods...
}