This code example demonstrates how to generate a one-time password (OTP) of eight characters in length with the true random number generation feature using the Cryptographic hardware block in MCU. The generated random number consists of alphanumeric and special characters of the ASCII code. The generated OTP is then displayed on a UART terminal emulator.
Provide feedback on this code example.
- ModusToolbox™ v3.1 or later (tested with v3.2)
- Board support package (BSP) minimum required version: 4.2.0
- Programming language: C
- Associated parts: All PSoC™ 6 MCU parts, AIROC™ CYW20819 Bluetooth® & Bluetooth® LE SoC, AIROC™ CYW43012 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip, AIROC™ CYW4343W Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip, AIROC™ CYW4373 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip, AIROC™ CYW43439 Wi-Fi & Bluetooth® combo chip and XMC7000 MCU parts
- GNU Arm® Embedded Compiler v11.3.1 (
GCC_ARM) – Default value ofTOOLCHAIN - Arm® Compiler v6.16 (
ARM) - IAR C/C++ Compiler v9.30.1 (
IAR)
- PSoC™ 62S2 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439) – Default value ofTARGET - PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-062-4343W) - PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (
CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT) - PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE Pioneer Kit (
CY8CKIT-062-BLE) - PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-063-BLE) - PSoC™ 62S2 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (
CY8CKIT-062S2-43012) - PSoC™ 62S1 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (
CYW9P62S1-43438EVB-01) - PSoC™ 62S1 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (
CYW9P62S1-43012EVB-01) - PSoC™ 62S3 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-062S3-4343W) - PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (
CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W) - PSoC™ 62S4 Pioneer Kit (
CY8CKIT-062S4) - PSoC™ 62S2 Evaluation Kit (
CY8CEVAL-062S2,CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-4373M2,CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-43439M2,CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-43439M2,CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-4373EM2,CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-4373M2) - XMC7200 Evaluation Kit (
KIT_XMC72_EVK) - PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-064B0S3) - PSoC™ 64 "Secure Boot" Prototyping Kit (
CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB) - EZ-BLE Arduino Evaluation Board (
CYBLE-416045-EVAL) - XMC7100 Evaluation Kit (
KIT_XMC71_EVK_LITE_V1)
This example uses the board's default configuration. See the kit user guide to ensure that the board is configured correctly.
Note: The PSoC™ 6 Bluetooth® LE Pioneer Kit (CY8CKIT-062-BLE) and the PSoC™ 6 Wi-Fi Bluetooth® Pioneer Kit (CY8CKIT-062-WIFI-BT) ship with KitProg2 installed. ModusToolbox™ requires KitProg3. Before using this code example, make sure that the board is upgraded to KitProg3. The tool and instructions are available in the Firmware Loader GitHub repository. If you do not upgrade, you will see an error like "unable to find CMSIS-DAP device" or "KitProg firmware is out of date".
See the ModusToolbox™ tools package installation guide for information about installing and configuring the tools package.
Install a terminal emulator if you don't have one. Instructions in this document use Tera Term.
This example requires no additional software or tools.
The ModusToolbox™ tools package provides the Project Creator as both a GUI tool and a command line tool.
Use Project Creator GUI
-
Open the Project Creator GUI tool.
There are several ways to do this, including launching it from the dashboard or from inside the Eclipse IDE. For more details, see the Project Creator user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/docs/project-creator.pdf).
-
On the Choose Board Support Package (BSP) page, select a kit supported by this code example. See Supported kits.
Note: To use this code example for a kit not listed here, you may need to update the source files. If the kit does not have the required resources, the application may not work.
-
On the Select Application page:
a. Select the Applications(s) Root Path and the Target IDE.
Note: Depending on how you open the Project Creator tool, these fields may be pre-selected for you.
b. Select this code example from the list by enabling its check box.
Note: You can narrow the list of displayed examples by typing in the filter box.
c. (Optional) Change the suggested New Application Name and New BSP Name.
d. Click Create to complete the application creation process.
Use Project Creator CLI
The 'project-creator-cli' tool can be used to create applications from a CLI terminal or from within batch files or shell scripts. This tool is available in the {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/tools_{version}/project-creator/ directory.
Use a CLI terminal to invoke the 'project-creator-cli' tool. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program provided in the ModusToolbox™ installation instead of a standard Windows command-line application. This shell provides access to all ModusToolbox™ tools. You can access it by typing "modus-shell" in the search box in the Windows menu. In Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application.
The following example clones the "mtb-example-hal-crypto-trng" application with the desired name "CryptoTrng" configured for the CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439 BSP into the specified working directory, C:/mtb_projects:
project-creator-cli --board-id CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439 --app-id mtb-example-hal-crypto-trng --user-app-name CryptoTrng --target-dir "C:/mtb_projects"
The 'project-creator-cli' tool has the following arguments:
| Argument | Description | Required/optional |
|---|---|---|
--board-id |
Defined in the field of the BSP manifest | Required |
--app-id |
Defined in the field of the CE manifest | Required |
--target-dir |
Specify the directory in which the application is to be created if you prefer not to use the default current working directory | Optional |
--user-app-name |
Specify the name of the application if you prefer to have a name other than the example's default name | Optional |
Note: The project-creator-cli tool uses the
git cloneandmake getlibscommands to fetch the repository and import the required libraries. For details, see the "Project creator tools" section of the ModusToolbox™ tools package user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf).
After the project has been created, you can open it in your preferred development environment.
Eclipse IDE
If you opened the Project Creator tool from the included Eclipse IDE, the project will open in Eclipse automatically.
For more details, see the Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_ide_user_guide.pdf).
Visual Studio (VS) Code
Launch VS Code manually, and then open the generated {project-name}.code-workspace file located in the project directory.
For more details, see the Visual Studio Code for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_vscode_user_guide.pdf).
Keil µVision
Double-click the generated {project-name}.cprj file to launch the Keil µVision IDE.
For more details, see the Keil µVision for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_uvision_user_guide.pdf).
IAR Embedded Workbench
Open IAR Embedded Workbench manually, and create a new project. Then select the generated {project-name}.ipcf file located in the project directory.
For more details, see the IAR Embedded Workbench for ModusToolbox™ user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mt_iar_user_guide.pdf).
Command line
If you prefer to use the CLI, open the appropriate terminal, and navigate to the project directory. On Windows, use the command-line 'modus-shell' program; on Linux and macOS, you can use any terminal application. From there, you can run various make commands.
For more details, see the ModusToolbox™ tools package user guide (locally available at {ModusToolbox™ install directory}/docs_{version}/mtb_user_guide.pdf).
If using a PSoC™ 64 "Secure" MCU kit (like CY8CKIT-064B0S2-4343W), the PSoC™ 64 device must be provisioned with keys and policies before being programmed. Follow the instructions in the "Secure Boot" SDK user guide to provision the device. If the kit is already provisioned, copy-paste the keys and policy folder to the application folder.
-
Connect the board to your PC using the provided USB cable through the KitProg3 USB connector.
-
Open a terminal program and select the KitProg3 COM port. Set the serial port parameters to 8N1 and 115200 baud.
-
Program the board using one of the following:
Using Eclipse IDE
-
Select the application project in the Project Explorer.
-
In the Quick Panel, scroll down, and click <Application Name> Program (KitProg3_MiniProg4).
In other IDEs
Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.
Using CLI
From the terminal, execute the
make programcommand to build and program the application using the default toolchain to the default target. The default toolchain is specified in the application's Makefile but you can override this value manually:make program TOOLCHAIN=<toolchain>Example:
make program TOOLCHAIN=GCC_ARM -
-
After programming, the application starts automatically. Confirm that "<CE Title>" is displayed on the UART terminal.
Figure 1. Terminal output showing generated OTP
You can debug the example to step through the code.
In Eclipse IDE
Use the <Application Name> Debug (KitProg3_MiniProg4) configuration in the Quick Panel. For details, see the "Program and debug" section in the Eclipse IDE for ModusToolbox™ user guide.
Add the below Note for relevant CEs only, like PSoC 6 MCU based. Remove this note for others.
Note: (Only while debugging) On the CM4 CPU, some code in
main()may execute before the debugger halts at the beginning ofmain(). This means that some code executes twice – once before the debugger stops execution, and again after the debugger resets the program counter to the beginning ofmain(). See KBA231071 to learn about this and for the workaround.
In other IDEs
Follow the instructions in your preferred IDE.
Random number generation is the generation of a sequence of numbers or symbols that cannot be predicted based on the previous knowledge of the generated sequence. Random number generators have applications in cryptography, statistical sampling, gambling, and other areas where producing an unpredictable result is desirable.
A true random number is generated using a hardware random number generator that generates random numbers from a physical process. The true random number generator (TRNG) in MCU generates true random numbers of programmable bit size ranging from 0 to 32 bits. The TRNG relies on up to six ring oscillators to provide physical noise sources:
-
Two fixed ring oscillators consisting of 11 and 15 inverters (RO11 and RO15)
-
A fixed Galois-based ring oscillator (GARO15) and a fixed Fibonacci-based ring oscillator (FIRO15) each consisting of 15 inverters
-
A flexible Galois-based oscillator (GARO31) and a flexible Fibonacci-based oscillator (FIRO31) consisting of 31 inverters with a programmable polynomial of up to order 31
A ring oscillator consists of a series of inverters connected in a feedback loop to form a ring. Due to the temperature sensitivity of inverter delays, jitter is introduced on a ring's oscillating signal. The jittered oscillating signal is sampled to produce a digitized analog signal (DAS). This is done for all multiple ring oscillators. To increase the entropy and to reduce the bias in DAS bits, the DAS bits are further post-processed. Post-processing produces bit samples that are considered true random bit samples. The true random bit samples are shifted into a register to provide random values of up to 32 bits.
Figure 2. TRNG implementation in MCU
In this example, an OTP of eight characters in length is generated. The generated OTP is then displayed on a UART terminal emulator. The firmware generates a new OTP instantly when the user presses the Enter key.
Table 1. Application resources
| Resource | Alias/object | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| UART (HAL) | cy_retarget_io_uart_obj | Send to and receive data from the UART terminal |
| TRNG (HAL) | trng_obj | Generate true random number using the true random number generator (TRNG) hardware block |
| Resources | Links |
|---|---|
| Application notes | AN228571 – Getting Started with PSoC™ 6 MCU on ModusToolbox™ AN221774 – Getting Started with PSoC™ 6 MCU on PSoC™ Creator AN210781 – Getting Started with PSoC™ 6 MCU with Bluetooth® Low Energy connectivity on PSoC™ Creator AN215656 – PSoC™ 6 MCU: Dual-CPU System Design AN234334 – Getting started with XMC7000 MCU on ModusToolbox™ software |
| Code examples | Using ModusToolbox™ on GitHub |
| Device documentation | PSoC™ 6 MCU datasheets PSoC™ 6 technical reference manuals PSoC™ 4 datasheets PSoC™ 4 technical reference manuals |
| Development kits | Select your kits from the Evaluation board finder page |
| Libraries on GitHub | mtb-pdl-cat1 – PSoC™ 6 Peripheral Driver Library (PDL) mtb-hal-cat1 – Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) library retarget-io – Utility library to retarget STDIO messages to a UART port mtb-pdl-cat2 – PSoC™ 4 peripheral driver library (PDL) mtb-hal-cat2 – Hardware abstraction layer (HAL) library |
| Middleware on GitHub | capsense – CAPSENSE™ library and documents psoc6-middleware – Links to all PSoC™ 6 MCU middleware |
| Tools | ModusToolbox™ – ModusToolbox™ software is a collection of easy-to-use libraries and tools enabling rapid development with Infineon MCUs for applications ranging from wireless and cloud-connected systems, edge AI/ML, embedded sense and control, to wired USB connectivity using PSoC™ Industrial/IoT MCUs, AIROC™ Wi-Fi and Bluetooth® connectivity devices, XMC™ Industrial MCUs, and EZ-USB™/EZ-PD™ wired connectivity controllers. ModusToolbox™ incorporates a comprehensive set of BSPs, HAL, libraries, configuration tools, and provides support for industry-standard IDEs to fast-track your embedded application development. |
Infineon provides a wealth of data at www.infineon.com to help you select the right device, and quickly and effectively integrate it into your design.
For PSoC™ 6 MCU devices, see How to design with PSoC™ 6 MCU - KBA223067 in the Infineon Developer community.
For XMC™ MCU devices, see 32-bit XMC™ industrial microcontroller based on Arm® Cortex®-M.
Document title: CE221295 - HAL cryptography: True random number generation
| Version | Description of change |
|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | New code example |
| 1.1.0 | Updated to support ModusToolbox™ software v2.1, added new kits Cosmetic changes to code |
| 2.0.0 | Major update to support ModusToolbox™ software v2.2, added support for new kits This version is not backward compatible with ModusToolbox™ software v2.1 |
| 2.1.0 | Added target CYSBSYSKIT-DEV-01 |
| 2.2.0 | Updated to support ModusToolbox™ software v2.3. Added support for CY8CKIT-062S4, CY8CEVAL-062S2, CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-4373M2 |
| 3.0.0 | Major update to support ModusToolbox™ software v3.0, added support for KIT-XMC72-EVK |
| 3.1.0 | Added support for CY8CPROTO-062S3-4343W, CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-43439M2, CY8CPROTO-064B0S3 and CY8CPROTO-064S1-SB |
| 3.2.0 | Updated to support ModusToolbox™ v3.1 and added support for KIT_XMC71_EVK_LITE_V1, CY8CPROTO-062S2-43439, CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-4373M2, CY8CEVAL-062S2-MUR-4373EM2, CY8CEVAL-062S2-LAI-43439M2, CYBLE-416045-EVAL |
| 3.2.1 | Disabled D-cache for XMC7000 based BSPs |
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