Testcontainers

Testcontainers is a library to support tests with throwaway instances of Docker containers for all compatible .NET Standard versions. The library is built on top of the .NET Docker remote API and provides a lightweight implementation to support your test environment in all circumstances.

Choose from existing pre-configured configurations and start containers within a second, to support and run your tests. Or create your own containers with Dockerfiles and run your tests immediately afterward.

Get in touch with the Testcontainers team and others, and join our Slack workspace.

Supported operating systems

Testcontainers supports Windows, Linux, and macOS as host systems. Linux Docker containers are supported on all three operating systems.

Native Windows Docker containers are only supported on Windows. Windows requires the host operating system version to match the container operating system version. You'll find further information about Windows container version compatibility here.

Keep in mind to enable the correct Docker engine on Windows host systems to match the container operating system. With Docker Desktop you can switch the engine either with the tray icon context menu or: $env:ProgramFiles\Docker\Docker\DockerCli.exe -SwitchDaemon or -SwitchLinuxEngine, -SwitchWindowsEngine.

Supported commands

To configure a container, use the TestcontainersBuilder<TestcontainersContainer> builder, that provides:

• WithImage specifies an IMAGE[:TAG] to derive the container from.
• WithImagePullPolicy specifies an image pull policy to determine when an image is pulled e.g. --pull "always"|"missing"|"never".
• WithWorkingDirectory specifies and overrides the WORKDIR for the instruction sets.
• WithEntrypoint specifies and overrides the ENTRYPOINT that will run as an executable.
• WithCommand specifies and overrides the COMMAND instruction provided from the Dockerfile.
• WithName sets the container name e.g. --name nginx.
• WithHostname sets the container hostname e.g. --hostname my-nginx.
• WithMacAddress sets the container MAC address e.g. --mac-address "00:80:41:ae:fd:7e".
• WithEnvironment sets an environment variable in the container e.g. -e, --env "test=containers".
• WithLabel applies metadata to the container e.g. -l, --label testcontainers=awesome.
• WithExposedPort exposes a port inside the container e.g. --expose=80.
• WithPortBinding publishes the container port to the host e.g. -p, --publish 80:80.
• WithBindMount binds a path of a file or directory into the container e.g. -v, --volume .:/tmp.
• WithVolumeMount mounts a managed volume into the container e.g. --mount type=volume,source=.,destination=/tmp.
• WithTmpfsMount mounts a temporary volume into the container e.g. --mount type=tmpfs,destination=/tmp.
• WithNetwork assigns a network to the container e.g. --network="bridge".
• WithNetworkAliases assigns a network-scoped aliases to the container e.g. --network-alias alias
• WithAutoRemove will remove the stopped container automatically like --rm.
• WithCleanUp will remove the container automatically after all tests have been run (see Resource Reaper).
• WithPrivileged sets the --privileged flag.
• WithDockerEndpoint sets the Docker API endpoint e.g. -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376.
• WithRegistryAuthentication basic authentication against a private Docker registry.
• WithOutputConsumer redirects stdout and stderr to capture the container output.
• WithWaitStrategy sets the wait strategy to complete the container start and indicates when it is ready.
• WithCreateContainerParametersModifier allows low level modifications of the Docker container create parameter.
• WithStartupCallback sets the startup callback to invoke after the container start.
• WithResourceReaperSessionId assigns a Resource Reaper session id to the container.

Use the additional builder for image (ImageFromDockerfileBuilder), network (TestcontainersNetworkBuilder) and volume (TestcontainersVolumeBuilder) to set up your individual test environment.

Resource Reaper

Testcontainers assigns each Docker resource a Resource Reaper session id. After the tests are finished, Ryuk will take care of remaining Docker resources and removes them. You can change the Resource Reaper session and group Docker resources together with WithResourceReaperSessionId. Right now, only Linux containers are supported.

Pre-configured containers

The pre-configured Testcontainers below are supported. Further examples can be found in TestcontainersContainerTest as well as in database or message broker tests.

• Apache CouchDB (couchdb:2.3.1)
• Azurite (mcr.microsoft.com/azure-storage/azurite:3.18.0)
• Cosmos DB Linux Emulator (mcr.microsoft.com/cosmosdb/linux/azure-cosmos-emulator:latest)
• Couchbase (couchbase:6.5.1)
• Elasticsearch (elasticsearch:8.3.2)
• LocalStack (localstack/localstack:1.2.0)
• MariaDB (mariadb:10.8)
• Microsoft SQL Server (mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2017-CU28-ubuntu-16.04)
• MongoDB (mongo:5.0.6)
• MySQL (mysql:8.0.28)
• Neo4j (neo4j:4.4.11)
• Oracle Database (gvenzl/oracle-xe:21-slim)
• PostgreSQL (postgres:11.14)
• Redis (redis:5.0.14)
• Apache Kafka (confluentinc/cp-kafka:6.0.5)
• RabbitMQ (rabbitmq:3.7.28)

Examples

Pulls nginx, creates a new container with port binding 80:80 and hits the default site.

var testcontainersBuilder = new TestcontainersBuilder<TestcontainersContainer>()
  .WithImage("nginx")
  .WithName("nginx")
  .WithPortBinding(80)
  .WithWaitStrategy(Wait.ForUnixContainer().UntilPortIsAvailable(80));

await using (var testcontainers = testcontainersBuilder.Build())
{
  await testcontainers.StartAsync();
  _ = WebRequest.Create("http://localhost:80");
}

Mounts the current directory as volume into the container and runs hostname > /tmp/hostname on startup.

var testcontainersBuilder = new TestcontainersBuilder<TestcontainersContainer>()
  .WithImage("nginx")
  .WithName("nginx")
  .WithBindMount(".", "/tmp")
  .WithEntrypoint("/bin/sh", "-c")
  .WithCommand("hostname > /tmp/hostname")
  .WithWaitStrategy(Wait.ForUnixContainer().UntilFileExists("/tmp/hostname"));

await using (var testcontainers = testcontainersBuilder.Build())
{
  await testcontainers.StartAsync();
}

Here is an example of a pre-configured container. In the example, Testcontainers starts a PostgreSQL database in a xUnit.net test and executes a SQL query.

public sealed class PostgreSqlTest : IAsyncLifetime
{
  private readonly TestcontainerDatabase testcontainers = new TestcontainersBuilder<PostgreSqlTestcontainer>()
    .WithDatabase(new PostgreSqlTestcontainerConfiguration
    {
      Database = "db",
      Username = "postgres",
      Password = "postgres",
    })
    .Build();

  [Fact]
  public void ExecuteCommand()
  {
    using (var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(this.testcontainers.ConnectionString))
    {
      using (var command = new NpgsqlCommand())
      {
        connection.Open();
        command.Connection = connection;
        command.CommandText = "SELECT 1";
        command.ExecuteReader();
      }
    }
  }

  public Task InitializeAsync()
  {
    return this.testcontainers.StartAsync();
  }

  public Task DisposeAsync()
  {
    return this.testcontainers.DisposeAsync().AsTask();
  }
}

The implementation of the pre-configured wait strategies can be chained together to support individual requirements for Testcontainers with different container platform operating systems.

Wait.ForUnixContainer()
  .UntilPortIsAvailable(80)
  .UntilFileExists("/tmp/foo")
  .UntilFileExists("/tmp/bar")
  .UntilOperationIsSucceeded(() => true, 1);

Logging

To enable and configure logging, set the static TestcontainersSettings.Logger property before test execution.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md

Authors

• Andre Hofmeister - Initial work - HofmeisterAn

Thanks

Many thanks to JetBrains who provide an Open Source License for this project ❤️.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.